Many factors contributed to the change from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern Age. It mainly started during the Renaissance and Reformation, when people started question all aspects of life, which formed many new ideas.
The new ideas eventually formed a new belief called humanism, which played a very big role in the change. It was first inspired by Greek and Roman art, which was mostly of human beings, meant to be realistic. Leonardo Da Vinci also played a crucial role: he thought about things no one else ever did. Ideas eventually formed theories, such as the Heliocentric Theory. Without ideology, we may have never even figured out that the earth revolved around the sun.
Science and technology, another major reason the world changed, could not have had new inventions without ideas. If Galileo never had the thought that the church could be wrong and that Copernicus could be right, he may have never decided to make a telescope to prove that the church was indeed wrong. That gesture alone pushed humanism even further. The church was wrong, meaning that all its teachings were questionable. The printing press could never have made it, if someone didn’t think, “Wouldn’t it be nice if we didn’t have to copy all these books out by hands?”
Protesting (against the church) also came from ideology. Martin Luther came to realize that the church was taking advantage of everyone else dealing with nepotism and selling indulgences. His Ninety-Five Theses started the Reformation which would then turn into the Early Modern Age. Joan of Arc was a living example of protesting; she was a woman but she wore armour and went to battle. King Henry VIII was not allowed to divorce, even though he was the king. In response, he took away the church’s land and made his own church, which of course allowed him to divorce.
In conclusion, if ideology didn’t exist, many of the changes that directly affect the world would not have been there. If those changes did no take place, then our very own era may not have even started.