Criminal Justice

Criminal justice is distinct from the field of criminology, which involves the study of crime as a social phenomena, causes of crime, criminal behavior, and other aspects of crime. Criminal justice emerged as an academic discipline in the 1920s, beginning with Berkeley police chief August Vollmer who established a criminal justice program at the University of California, Berkeley in 1916. Vollmer’s work was carried on by his student, O.W. Wilson, who led efforts to professionalize policing and reduce corruption.

Juror Misstatements of Law

McDowell v. Calderon, 130 F.3d 833 (9th Cir. 1997), cert. denied, 523 U.S. 1103 (1998). Death sentence reversed where jury misunderstood instructions regarding what may be considered as mitigating evidence. But see Coleman v. Calderon, 525 U.S. 141 (1998), overruling …

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Explanations For Crime.

There are several different explanations for crime and the reasons or motifs behind the actions of a criminal. However, in determining which school of thought; classicism, biological/psychological positivism and sociological positivism, provides the best explanation to crime, the above theories …

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Socialization of Drugs

Substance abuse in America has become an overwhelming problem considering the numbers of people who use today compared to fifty years ago. Today, drugs are used commonly by the rich and successful, the disadvantaged,

middle class and a majority of …

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Broken Window Theory

Fixing Broken Windows was written by George L. Kelling and Catherine M. Coles to explain the “Broken Windows” theory created by George L. Kelling and James Q. Wilson. The “Broken Windows” theory states that if a

window breaks in an …

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